Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Sudan Red on blood and tissue organ of the mice. Methods The mice were intraperitoneally injected for 12 consecutive days at different doses of Sudan red I, II, III and IV (0, 40, 80, 160mg/kg). Blood samples from the mice were collected after 24 hour of the last administration, and blood routine detection were assayed by blood cell analyzer. The blood clotting time was determinate by capillary method and tissue organ coefficient was calculated by weighing separation organ from the mice. Results The counts of red blood cells in Sudan red I and II group were significantly reduced and not obvious in Sudan red III and IV group. Compared between different doses of Sudan Red, there were obvious changes in the counts of blood red cells compared low dose and high dose Sudan I and II groups with Sudan III and IV groups. Blood hemoglobin contents in Sudan I and II groups were significantly reduced and did not change in Sudan III and IV groups. There was a reduced in the counts of blood platelets of different doses of four Sudan Reds, and blood coagulation time was extended with the increased dose of Sudan red. Blood leukocyte counts were significantly increased in Sudan I and II groups compared with the control group as the dose of Sudan red was increased. White blood cell counts showed an increasing trend in Sudan III and IV, but the difference between two groups was not significant. Compared with the control group, blood leukocyte count was significantly increased, lymphocytes and monocytes significantly reduced. With increasing dose of Sudan mice there were an significant increase in kidney and spleen coefficients compared with the control group, the liver organ coefficient did not change significant. Conclusion The results show that Sudan Reds have to a varying degree impact on mouse blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets and clotting time, and tissue organs.