Objective To establish an animal model of type 2 diabetes with deficiency of Qi and Yin, and its evaluation index. Methods Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank, disease and syndrome model, and high sugar and fat groups. The blank group was fed an ordinary diet, whereas the other two groups were fed a high fat diet. After 4 weeks of feeding, rats in the disease model group were fasted for 12 h and then injected with 40 mg / kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally. After 1 week, the fasting blood glucose level of the rats was measured, and a fasting blood glucose level of >11. 1 mmol / L was considered to be successful modeling of diabetes. The rats were continued to be fed until the end of the experiment at 14 weeks. Changes in rat physical signs and various laboratory indexes were monitored. Results Compared with those of rats in the blank group, the mental and motor scores of rats in the disease and syndrome model group were increased significantly at weeks 8 ~ 14 (P< 0. 01). The weight of rats was decreased significantly from week 4 (P< 0. 05 or P< 0. 01), food intake and water intake were increased significantly from week 8 (P< 0. 05 or P< 0. 01), and grip strength was significantly decreased from week 12 (P< 0. 01). At weeks 6~ 14, both random and fasting blood glucose were increased significantly, and urine sugar was increased significantly (P< 0. 01). The respiratory rate, pulse amplitude, and tongue values, PT, APTT, thymus index, and CD4 and CD4 / CD8 values were reduced significantly (P< 0. 05 or P< 0. 01). TC, TG, LDL-C, cAMP, and cAMP / cGMP values were increased significantly (P< 0. 05 or P< 0. 01). Pathological result showed that islet tissue was seriously damaged, and its function was reduced significantly. Conclusions Rats fed with high glucose and fat for 4 weeks were intraperitoneally injected with 40 mg / kg streptozotocin and further fed with high glucose and fat for 14 weeks to prepare an animal model of type 2 diabetes combined with Qi and Yin deficiency. Food intake, water intake, movement score, mental state score, grasping ability, respiration, pulse, tongue image and other information were collected. PT, APTT, TC, TG, LDL-C, cAMP, cAMP / cGMP, CD4, CD4 / CD8 and thymus index were detected. Combined with pathological changes of pancreatic tissue, the syndrome characteristics of this model could be well reflected.