1.广东省实验动物重点实验室 广东省实验动物监测所;2.深圳市人民医院
国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2021YFF0702200),广东省省级科技计划项目(编号:2009A081000002,2008A08003),广州市科技计划项目(编号:202206010084)
1.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals,Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute;2.Shenzhen People’s Hospital
目的 针对10岁以上中老年食蟹猴开展心脏结构和功能基础研究，为老年疾病研究动物选择提供基础数据。 方法 本研究选取144只10岁以上中老年食蟹猴作为研究对象，分为10-15岁组雌性37只，雄性66只，16-20岁组雌性21只，雄性20只，通过一般指标（身体质量指数、血压、心率）、血液生化指标（血糖、血脂和离子指标）、心脏结构和功能指标比较分析，获得中老年食蟹猴心脏结构和功能相关基础数据。 结果 10-15岁组和16-20岁组，一般指标比较，随着年龄增加，雌猴和雄猴血压和心率显示升高，雄猴血压变化具有显著性差异。两组血液生化指标比较，随着年龄增加，雌猴和雄猴血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血钙、血钠、血钾都显示升高，其中，血糖、甘油三酯（雄）、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（雄）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（雄）、血钙、血钠、血钾变化具有显著性差异；乳酸脱氢酶显示下降，具有显著性差异。两组心脏收缩功能比较，随着年龄增加，雌猴和雄猴左房前后内径都下降，具有显著差异；雌猴室间隔收缩末径，左心室舒张和收缩末径显示减小，左心室舒张末容积，左心室收缩末容积，左心室质量指数下降，具有显著性差异，雄猴变化不显著。两组心脏舒张功能比较，随着年龄增加，雄猴二尖瓣舒张晚期速度下降，具有显著差异；雌猴左室侧壁舒张早期速度升高，具有显著性差异。对雌猴和雄猴代谢指标与心脏结构和功能指标进行相关性分析，结果雌猴代谢指标与心脏结构和功能指标的相关性较弱，Γ绝对值最高不超过0.39，雄猴代谢指标与心脏结构和功能指标的相关性相对较强，Γ值绝对值最高达到0.66。 结论 基于超声诊断结合代谢指标对食蟹猴心功能进行研究，建立中老年食蟹猴心脏结构和功能相关指标基础数据，随着年龄的增加，食蟹猴的血糖、血脂指标升高，心脏收缩和舒张功能有下降趋势，与中老年人群变化相似，对开展心脏功能相关的老年性疾病研究动物选择提供数据支撑。
Objective Conduct basic research on the structure and function of the heart in cynomolgus monkeys above 10 years old, in order to provide basic data for animal selection in elderly disease research. Methods A total of 144 cynomolgus monkeys above 10 years old were selected as the research subjects, including 37 females and 66 males in the 10-15 age group, and 21 females and 20 males in the 16-20 age group. The basic data of cardiac structure and function in middle-aged and elderly cynomolgus monkeys were obtained through comparative analysis of general indicators (body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate), blood biochemical indicators (blood glucose, blood lipids, and ion indicators), cardiac structure and function indicators. Results Comparing the general indicators between the 10-15 year old group and the 16-20 year old group, as age increases, the blood pressure and heart rate of female and male monkeys show an increase, while there is a significant difference in blood pressure changes between male monkeys. Comparison of two sets of blood biochemical indicators showed that as age increased, blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood calcium, blood sodium, and blood potassium in female and male monkeys all showed an increase. Among them, blood glucose, triglycerides (male), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (male), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (male), blood calcium, blood sodium, and blood potassium showed significant differences in changes. Lactate dehydrogenase showed a significant decrease. Comparison of cardiac contractile function between two groups showed that as age increased, the anterior and posterior diameters of the left atrium in both female and male monkeys significantly decreased. Female monkeys showed a significant decrease in interventricular septal end systolic diameter, left ventricular end diastole and systolic diameter, left ventricular end diastolic and systolic volume, and left ventricular mass index, while male monkeys showed no significant changes. Comparison of diastolic function between two groups showed that as age increased, the late diastolic velocity of the mitral valve in male monkeys decreased significantly. The early diastolic velocity of the left ventricular sidewall in female monkeys increased significantly. Correlation analysis was conducted between metabolic indicators and cardiac structure and function indicators of female and male monkeys, and the results showed that the correlation between metabolic indicators and cardiac structure and function indicators was weak in female monkeys, the maximum absolute Γ value does not exceed 0.39, and the correlation between metabolic indicators and cardiac structure and function indicators was relatively strong in male monkeys, the maximum absolute Γ value reaches 0.66. Conclusions Based on ultrasound diagnosis combined with metabolic indicators, the heart function of cynomolgus monkeys was studied, and basic data related to the structure and function of the heart in middle-aged and elderly cynomolgus monkeys were obtained. As age increases, blood glucose and lipid indicators in cynomolgus monkeys increase, while cardiac systolic and diastolic functions show a downward trend, similar to changes in the middle-aged and elderly population. This provides data support for animal selection for research on age-related diseases related to heart function.
