Objective To explore the best sampling position of bone marrow biopsy in mice. Methods Mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, then take the skull, sternum, tibial, femoral and iliac bone, making pathological section. Observed and photographed under light microscope. Comparison of the distribution of the essence and the hematopoietic microenvironment in different parts. Select site which can best reflect the hematopoietic function of bone marrow. Results A large number of hematopoietic cells in ilium marrow sections visible. The cells are evenly distributed. Blood and megakaryocytes were clearly visible. The arrangement of the structure of the scaffolds for tissue closely. The number of fat cells less. Bone marrow hematopoietic cells in the skull, sternum, tibial, femoral were not clear and not active. And there are more fat cells. Conclusions As the best sampling position of bone marrow biopsy, is ilium.