Astrocytes (AS) are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system and are involved in many physiology and pathology processes in the nervous system. Alterations in their phenotype are particularly important for the health of the CNS. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA regulation and chromatin remodeling, are closely linked to alterations in AS proliferation, differentiation, inflammation and other phenotypic features, but how these mechanisms function still needs to be explored and summarized. By reviewing the recent advances in the role of epigenetic mechanisms in AS under different physiological and pathological states, aim to provide new ideas for the understanding and treatment of related diseases.