Alterations to plasma metabolite parameters and peripheral blood leukocyte gene expression in overweight Dogs
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    Abstract:

    【Objective】 The aim of this study was to assess changes occurring with plasma metabolite parameters and peripheral blood leukocytes(PBL)mRNA expression profiles of genes, mainly involved with energy homoestasis, such as insulin signaling, adiponectin signaling and lipogenesis. Circulating PBL gene expression can therefore potentially provide early warning of any abnormalities present in tissue they discover. 【Method】Using 59 client-owned dogs of differing breeds, which presented themselves at veterinary clinics for routine checkups, body condition score (BCS) of each dog was assessed using a five point scale (lean: 26; overweight: 28; obesity: 5). The following plasma metabolites were measured: glucose; Blood Urea Nitrogen(BUN); creatinine(CRE); total cholesterol(T-Cho); total protein(TP); triglyceride(TG); lactate dehydrogenase(LDH); alkaline phosphatase(ALP); aspartate aminotransferase(AST); alanine aminotransferase(ALT); Non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA); adiponectin and immunoreactive insulin(IRI). In addition, RT-PCR was performed to determine PBL mRNA expression of the following genes: 5-Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase [AMPK] -?1 and 2, -?1 and 2, and, -?1 and 2; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PDH]; malate dehydrogenase [MDH]), fatty acid synthase [FAS]; adiponectin receptor [ADIPOR] (-1 and 2); insulin receptor substrates [IRS] (-1 and 2); phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase [PI3-K]. 【Result】 As compared to lean dogs, overweight and obese dogs demonstrated a significant increase in plasma insulin levels. Moreover, obese status resulted in a significant increase in NEFA, TG and T-Cho. In addition, obese dog PBL demonstrated a reduced mRNA expression profile for IRS-2; FAS; MDH; AMPK α1、β1、β2 and γ2 subtypes genes. 【Conclusion】 These findings suggest that hyperinsulinemia and dysregulation of lipid metabolic, when associated with obesity, in overweight dogs may result in insulin resistance and alterations in PBL gene expression of genes involved in energy homeostatis and sterol metabolism.

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History
  • Received:March 13,2013
  • Revised:April 10,2013
  • Adopted:April 19,2013
  • Online: August 30,2013
  • Published: