Ningxiang pigs fat-type breeds have been increasingly used in biomedical research due to the characteristics of genetic stability, high food value, fast growth, adaptability and strong reproductive ability. The recent development in research on Ningxiang pigs in a closed group training, inbred cultivation, biological characteristics and medical application is reviewed in this article. Ningxiang pigs have been closed-bred for fourteen years, and may be applied in biomedical research such as artery atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus.