无菌动物在奶牛乳房炎发病机理研究中的应用
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Application of germ-free animals in the study of pathogenesis of cow mastitis
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    乳房炎是奶牛养殖场中的高发病,经抗生素治愈后极易复发。疾病的反复发作导致奶牛的产奶量持续下降,乳头坏死,进而被淘汰。乳房炎也是哺乳期妇女常患的疾病,传统的抗生素治疗损伤新生儿的神经系统。在乳房炎的治疗方法中,抗生素因其大量的负面作用使得其已不适合在乳房炎治疗中滥用,应加快开发新的且有效的抗生素替代物用以治疗或预防乳房炎。益生菌在多种疾病的预防与治疗中都有成功的应用实例。因此,益生菌在乳房炎的治疗与预防中是否真的有效是一个有趣的研究方向。益生菌主要于宿主的肠道中发挥其关键作用,因此肠道菌群与乳房炎发病是否有关联,是益生菌能否应用于乳房炎的治疗中需要解答的首个问题。通过菌群移植,对哺乳期小鼠的乳腺组织以及身体其他各项免疫指标进行监控,探究移植健康奶牛粪便小鼠组与移植乳房炎奶牛粪便小鼠组以及移植乳房炎奶牛粪便同时进行益生菌干预组小鼠的乳腺组织是否发生炎症以及炎症程度如何。奶牛肠道菌群移植入无菌小鼠之后,这种菌群结构与功能之上的差异同时被放大形成鲜明的对比。表明健康的肠道菌群结构对于保持奶牛的健康状态有直接的影响,益生菌可调节奶牛的肠道菌群,对于维持奶牛健康,预防和缓解乳房炎有不可忽视的潜能。

    Abstract:

    Mastitis is one of the high incidence diseases in dairy farm,and the traditional therapies include using of antibiotics which usually have a high recurrent rate.The disease recurrence will reduce the milk production and cause worse result such as breast necrosis.So many cows are obsoleted because of mastitis and that cause a great economic loss to the dairy industry.Nursing mothers also suffering from mastitis and they cannot be treated with antibiotics because the medicine has a bad influence on the baby's nervous system.With all of the negative effects,antibiotics cannot be used in the mastitis treatment.Therefore it is extremely urgent to develop a new therapy for mastitis.Probiotics is a viable alternative which can be used in the prevention and treatment of mastitis because of many successful applications.Many previous examples in a variety of disease prevention and treatment using probiotics make this research very interesting.Digestive tract is the main niche where probiotics can play a crucial role in maintaining the host's health.It has been observed that digestive tract is one of the important microbial niche,which have a robust relationship with mastitis.It is the major issue of this research to use probiotic instead of antibiotics in the therapy of mastitis.The healthy intestinal microflora structure is crucial for the cows'health.Probiotics has a potential ability to cure mastitis in dairy cows.In addition it plays an essential role in maintaining the healthy state and mastitis prevention.

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马晨,张和平.无菌动物在奶牛乳房炎发病机理研究中的应用[J].中国实验动物学报,2017,25(6):693~698.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-10-16
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-12-16
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